b'Making the Gradean insert with a tough substrate, reducing the speed and feed through the interruptions is helpful. Also, tak-ing a maximum DOC and having rigid workholding help reduce vibration.Its important to stabilize the cutting edge during in-terrupted cutting. Therefore, Bokram recommends using an insert with a corner radius that is as large as possible.Additionally, he said, look for chipbreaker designs with substantial protected edges.Geometries at Work Walter USAVarious insert geometries come into play whenThe HU5 is a single-sided, heavy-duty roughing geometry that also rough turning steel. has a sharp, positive rake angle.In all cases, Bokram said, a protected edge is re-quired for stability. Chip formation is also heavily influenced by the chip-Typically, a flat or slightly positive land providesbreaker design behind the land, he said, and much that protection, which can range from 0.254-mm-to- time is spent optimizing these designs based on the 0.356-mm wide (0.01" to 0.014") for medium roughingrange of materials that might be machined and the range and 0.356-mm-to-0.508-mm wide (0.014" to 0.02") forof feeds and speeds that are desired for that design.heavy roughing. An effective rake angle is also required, which Bokram added that the feed rate must equal or ex- Bokram said should range from 12 degrees to 20 ceed the land width to form chips properly. degrees depending on the size of the insert and Specialized Plastic Packagingfor Cutting Tools and More!NEW DESIGN & SIZESLargest Selection of Insert BoxesIn the IndustryAll Styles and Sizes in Stockfor Immediate DeliveryLow Minimum Order QuantitiesCustom Molded Messages & Logos Available on Bottom PanelsMade in the USA36APRIL 2023Turning.indd 36 3/16/23 1:46 PM'